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What does 'Nirvana' signify in Buddhism?

  1. A state of endless suffering

  2. A heavenly peace or ultimate liberation

  3. A traditional mourning practice

  4. A specific type of meditation

The correct answer is: A heavenly peace or ultimate liberation

In Buddhism, 'Nirvana' signifies a state of heavenly peace or ultimate liberation from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth, known as samsara. It represents the attainment of enlightenment, where an individual transcends suffering and the attachments and desires that bind them to the material world. Achieving Nirvana means that one has fully understood the nature of reality and has eliminated ignorance and cravings, leading to a profound inner peace free from the disturbances of worldly life. The concept is central to Buddhist teachings, as it depicts the ultimate goal of spiritual practice and the end of the cycle of suffering that characterizes human existence. Therefore, this understanding captures the essence of what Nirvana represents within the context of Buddhism.